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END OF IDEOLOGY DEBATE: THE END OF HISTORY THEORY NOW FALSIFIED

  From the Ransford School of Political Science , Online The defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945 and the collapse of the Soviet Empire in 1991 enticed scores of Western commentators to relegate ‘‘ideology’’ to the dustbin of history. Proclaiming a radically new era in human history, they argued that all political belief systems had converged in a single vision: liberal capitalism .  This dream of a universal set of political ideas ruling the world came crashing down with the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. Indeed, the very rationale for the ensuing ‘‘Global War on Terror’’ was built on the notion of ideological diversity and incompatibility. Let us consider, for example, President George W. Bush’s 2007 televised address to the nation in which he unveiled his administration’s new ‘‘surge’’ strategy in Iraq by invoking the specter of an expanding ‘‘radical Islamic empire’’ ready to ‘‘launch new attacks on the United States at home and abroad.’’ The

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Niche Marketing

 A niche is a more narrowly defined customer group seeking a distinctive mix of benefits or values.  Marketers usually identify niches by dividing a market segment into subsegments.  For example, while Hertz, Avis, Eurocar and others specialise in airport rental cars for business and leisure travellers, Enterprise has attacked the low-budget, insurance-replacement market by primarily renting to customers whose cars have been written off or stolen. By creating unique associations with low cost and convenience in an overlooked niche market, Enterprise has been highly profitable. The objective of a niche competitor, such as The Body Shop, Porsche or Saab is to be a large fish in a small pool. The niche market customers have a distinct set of value requirements and they will pay a premium to the firm that provides the best market offering.  Niche markets are generally fairly small in terms of volume but constitute a sufficiently attractive size, profit and growth potential. Also, they are

Brand is not product

 How do we contrast a brand and a product? A product is anything we can offer to a market for attention, acquisition, use, or consumption that might satisfy a need or want.  Thus, a product may be a physical good like a cereal, tennis racquet, or automobile; or a service such as an airline, bank, or insurance company.  A product could also be a retail outlet like a department store, specialty store, or supermarket; a person such as a political figure, social media celebrity, entertainer, or professional athlete; an organization like a nonprofit, trade organization, or arts group; or a place including a city, state, or country; or even an idea like a political or social cause. Learn more at Ransford online school    LEVELS OF PRODUCT We can define five levels of meaning for a product: 1. The core benefit level is the fundamental need or want that consumers satisfy by consuming the product or service. 2. The generic product level is a basic version of the product containing only those a

What is branding?

Brand experts help us to understand that according to the American Marketing Association (AMA), a brand is a “name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competition.” Technically speaking, then, whenever a marketer creates a new name, logo, or symbol for a new product, he or she has created a brand.     However, many practicing managers refer to a brand as more than that—as something that has created a certain amount of awareness, reputation, prominence, and so on, in the marketplace. It is the difference between a commodity and a distinctive offering that constitutes a brand.  Thus, we can make a distinction between the AMA definition of a “brand” with a small b and the industry’s concept of a “Brand” with a big B. The difference is important for us because disagreements about branding principles or guidelines often revolve around what we mean by th

What is brand identity?

Brand identity is tangible and appeals to the senses. You can see it, touch it, hold it, hear it, watch it move. Brand identity fuels recognition, amplifies differentiation, and makes big ideas and meaning accessible. Brand identity takes disparate elements and unifies them into whole systems.   Learn more at the Ransford online school

Branding Means: Creating perceptions in people's minds

As competition creates infinite choices, companies look for ways to connect emotionally with customers, become irreplaceable, and create lifelong relationships. A strong brand stands out in a densely crowded marketplace. People fall in love with brands, trust them, and believe in their superiority. How a brand is perceived affects its success, regardless of whether it’s a start-up, a nonprofit, or a product. Learn more at the Ransford Business School Online