The Double Delusion of Luck: One delusion is mistaking luck for skill. A string of fortunate outcomes can disguise poor decisions and inflate confidence, leaving us to believe that success was inevitable. This illusion is especially clear when someone rides early advantages in one field, then carries arrogance into another, mistaking past luck for permanent ability. The opposite delusion is just as dangerous: dismissing real effort and skill simply because luck hasn’t yet arrived. When persistence, learning, and craft are already in place, self-doubt can quietly erode progress. Luck is uneven, unfair, and unpredictable. That’s what makes it luck. The challenge is to see it clearly—without confusing it for skill, and without ignoring the skill that stands ready for its arrival.
Voltaire as a political theory embodies the principles of reason, freedom of thought, tolerance, and resistance to oppression. Voltaire, an eighteenth century French Enlightenment thinker, strongly opposed absolute monarchy, religious intolerance, and censorship, while advocating for civil liberties and rational debate as the foundation of just societies. His ideas highlight the necessity of free expression and accountability as tools to challenge tyranny and promote social progress. In African politics, Voltaire’s influence can be seen in the push for multiparty democracy in countries such as Ghana, where open debate and tolerance of diverse political voices have strengthened democratic institutions. In Nigeria, activists who resist authoritarian tendencies and demand press freedom reflect Voltaire’s defense of free expression as a safeguard against abuse of power. In South Africa, the protection of constitutional rights and freedom of speech after a...